> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://alanmpan.gitbook.io/git-learning/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://alanmpan.gitbook.io/git-learning/git/18.-hu-lve-wen-jian.md).

# 18.忽略文件

有一些文件我们并不需要让 Git 管理，比如临时文件、日志文件等。Git 为我们提供忽略文件的配置。

## 创建并提交 `.gitignore`

在仓库根目录创建一个 `.gitignore`，并将需要忽略的文件写入。`*` 是一个通配符，表示任意字符，`*.log` 表示以 `.log` 结尾的所有文件

```conf
# 忽略日志文件
*.log
```

将 `.gitignore` 保存并提交

```powershell
# 暂存
git add .gitignore

# 提交
git commit -m "Added .gitignore"
[master 4c40cbe] Added .gitignore
1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 .gitignore
 
# 查看日志
git hist
* 5dc8b1e 2023-05-05 | Added .gitignore (HEAD -> master) [aku]
* b77158a 2023-05-05 | Moved test.txt to lab [aku]
* 929f644 2023-05-05 | Added 123456 to the test.txt [aku]
* d7f681f 2023-05-05 | Added abc to the test.txt (tag: v1) [aku]
* 01b8702 2023-05-05 | Add first file (tag: v1-beta) [aku]
```

## 创建测试文件

我们在仓库根目录创建一个 git.log 文件，并查看 Git 状态

```powershell
# 查看 Git 状态
$ git status
On branch master
nothing to commit, working tree clean
```

我们可以看到， 我新建的 git.log 文件并没有显示未追踪状态

## `.gitignore` 配置文件的一些例子

```conf
# 忽略日志文件
*.log

# 上一个配置忽略所有log文件，但是 main.log除外
!main.log

# 只忽略当前目录下的 Log 文件，其它路径下不管
/Log

# 忽略任何目录下名为 build 的文件夹
build/

# 忽略 doc/notes.txt，但不忽略 doc/server/arch.txt
doc/*.txt

# 忽略 doc/ 目录及其所有子目录下的 .pdf 文件
doc/**/*.pdf
```

GitHub 有一个十分详细的针对数十种项目及语言的 `.gitignore` 文件列表， 你可以在 <https://github.com/github/gitignore> 找到它。


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter, and the optional `goal` query parameter:

```
GET https://alanmpan.gitbook.io/git-learning/git/18.-hu-lve-wen-jian.md?ask=<question>&goal=<endgoal>
```

`ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
`goal` is optional and describes the broader end goal you are ultimately trying to accomplish on behalf of the user. GitBook uses it to tailor the answer towards what is most useful for that goal.

The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.